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Puri, G. S.
- Engelhardtia In Pleistocene of Kashmir
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Indian Forester, Vol 72, No 12 (1946), Pagination: 573-576Abstract
The paper describes a fossil leaflet of Engelhardtis colebrookeana, which was collected by tbe author from the Karewa deposits of Kashmir at Laredura, in the Pir Panjal Range.A comparison of the past and present distribution of this species shows that the valley at one time during the Pleistocene was occupied by rain forests.A detailed past and present distribution of the genus ,Is given and it has been pointed out that whereas the genus with numerous species was best represented in Southern Europe during the Miocene times it witnessed a decline during the Pliocene and by the Pleistocene Period it had become extinct from this region where it is unrepresented at the present time. On the other hand, as many as 15 distinct species of the genus are represented in the modern flora of south-eastern Asia from where a single fossil species has been discovered from the above evidence it is concluded that the genus was more widely spread during the past than it is to-day.- The Flora of the Karewa Series of Kashmir and its Phytogeographical Affinities with Chapters on the Methods Used in Identification
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Indian Forester, Vol 74, No 3 (1948), Pagination: 105-122Abstract
No abstract- Scientific Importance of the Study
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Indian Forester, Vol 74, No 4 (1948), Pagination: 153-164Abstract
No abstract- The Flora of the Karewa Beries of Kashmir and its Phytogeographical Affinities with Chapters on the Method Used in Identification
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Indian Forester, Vol 74, No 5 (1948), Pagination: 211-225Abstract
No abstract- The Genus Buxus in Pleistocene of Kashmir
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Indian Forester, Vol 74, No 10 (1948), Pagination: 354-357Abstract
No abstract- The Problem of Land Erosion and Landslips in the Hoshiarpur Siwaliks
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Indian Forester, Vol 75, No 2 (1949), Pagination: 45-51Abstract
From the above discussion it follows that the Hoshiarpur Siwalik hills, on account of their structure, composition of the rock and the inherent geological activity in Northern India, are predisposed to erosion and landslips on their southern dip slopes. So a certain amount of erosion normally occurs in these hills. Erosional gullies are formed by the action of rain which percolates in the sub-soil and seeps through the strata issuing on the dip slope with a force depending upon the density of vegetation. A dense vegetation on thc scarp slopes and at higher elevations on thc dip slope provides a protective cover against the physical and physiological action of rain in accelerating the normal geological erosion. Evidence is re-stated to show that the present state of erossion in the Hoshiarpur Siwaliks was the result of irrational and nonecological uses (rather misuses) of vegetation, dating back to the last one or two centuries. While no amount of emphasis is necessary on the value of afforestration to check the erosion it is suggested that (1) a planned and determined programme of planting on scarp slopes and higher elevations on the dip slopes with suitable specics be launched without delay; (2) the methods of forest exploitation in other areas in the Siwaliks be carefully examined in the light of ecological data presented in these pages; (3) extensive and intensive ecological studies of forests be made in the Siwaliks in special regards to soil conservation and spots susceptible to erosion be forthwith tackled by special afforestation parties. The suggestions made here may be viewed in relation to a paper submitted by me to the Ministry of Agriculture in June 1947. The need for an organized and intensive ecological research is most urgent for tackling the problem of soil erosion in India now more than it was ten years ago.- The Occurrence of Myrsine in the Interglacial Flora of the Kashmir Himalayas
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Indian Forester, Vol 75, No 7 (1949), Pagination: 257-259Abstract
No abstract- The Distribution of Conifers in the Kulu Himalayas with Special Relation to Geology
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Indian Forester, Vol 76, No 4 (1950), Pagination: 144-153Abstract
No abstract- Surface Geology, Vegetation and Plant Succession
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Indian Forester, Vol 76, No 5 (1950), Pagination: 199-209Abstract
No abstract- Soil pH and Forest Communities in the Sal (Shorea robusta) Forests of the Dehra Dun Valley, U.P., India
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Indian Forester, Vol 76, No 7 (1950), Pagination: 292-309Abstract
No abstract- On a Fossil Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera, Gartn.) from Kashmir, with a Note on the History of the Genus
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Indian Forester, Vol 76, No 8 (1950), Pagination: 343-346Abstract
A fossil leaf fragment of Nelumbo nucifera is described from the Upper Ningal valley at an altitude of 9,000 ft., Pir Panjal, Kashmir. This species at the present time, does not occur above the altitude of 5,200 ft. in the valley. The past and present dist ribution of the genus shows that Nelumbo was widespread in Europe dning the Tertiary, while it is now absent from t his region.- The Ecology of the Humus Layer in Some English Forests Part I
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Indian Forester, Vol 76, No 10 (1950), Pagination: 418-427Abstract
No abstract- Surface Geology, Vegetation and Plant Succession Part II
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Indian Forester, Vol 76, No 6 (1950), Pagination: 254-262Abstract
No abstract- The Himalayan Conifers II
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Indian Forester, Vol 77, No 1 (1951), Pagination: 55-63Abstract
No abstract- The Himalayan Conifers II
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Indian Forester, Vol 77, No 2 (1951), Pagination: 124-129Abstract
Soil profiles on river alluvia from the chir pine, blue pine, blue pine-deodar communities, and on glacial moraines and alluvia from spruce and silver fir communities were studied from the Parbatti and Kulu valleys. The data show a significant correlation between organic matter, nitrogen and Ca content of the humus. Both nitrogen and CaO tend to increase with an increase in organic matter in these soils. The amounts of organic matter, and nitrogen falls considerably in lower layers of the soil. On the basis of pH, nitrogen, organic matter, and Ca the soils studied have been classed into three categories of skeletal, brown earth and podsolized soils and these three types have been found to bear different forest communities. Ph of the soil also shows relationship with forest communities. Broadly speaking spruce and silver fir communities occurring at higher altitudes are found on brown earth soils of low Ph value, high organic matter, high nitrogen and high amounts of Ca. The blue pine-deodar and deodar occurring in medium altitudes are found on podsolized or old brown earth profiles with medium Ph values, low Ca, medium N and medium organic matter content. The chir pine community occuring on lowest altitudes occupies skeletal soils with high Ph, low organic matter, low nitrogen and medium calcium. The high amounts of nitrogen and organic matter in soils at higher altitudes is probably due to low temperature and high amounts of atmospheric moisture under which conditions the decomposition of plant material in soils is inhibited. On the basis of C/N and CaO content of tree litter of conifer and broad-leaved species growing in these forests explanations have been given for differences in Ph and calcium content of these soils. Some remarks have been offered on the problem of conifer regeneration in this area and the necessity of intensive work on management types of Suri has been stressed for this purpose.- The Transect Method in the Study of Plant Communities in India
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Indian Forester, Vol 79, No 9 (1953), Pagination: 506-511Abstract
The transect method in the study of plant communities is described. The methods of laying a transect, and charting quadrats are given. The ways of collecting and analysing vegetational and environmental data are described in detail and the methods of their representation and correlation with each other are enumerated with examples from author's own work. It is suggested that forest officers engaged in working plan studies may usefully employ this method for collecting data both on vegetation and its environment. The chief merits of this method are its simplicity and the great amount of information if provides at relatively less cost on the present and future condition of crop, both for exploitation and regeneration purposes. It can be usefully employed by students of vegetation throughout the country. The applicability of the method for the study of any type of vegetation is shown and the method can be used in agriculture and grassland studies as well.- Plant Ecological Research in India
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Indian Forester, Vol 80, No 8 (1954), Pagination: 435-441Abstract
No abstract- The Foliar Constituents in some Tree Species of Shorea robusta Forests of the Siwaliks, U.P., India
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Indian Forester, Vol 80, No 11 (1954), Pagination: 700-706Abstract
No abstract- The Foliar Ash Content in some Shorea robusta Trees of Different Quality Classes and its Relation with Soil Calcium in some forests of India
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Indian Forester, Vol 81, No 2 (1955), Pagination: 98-102Abstract
The examination of foliar ash in I-IV quality classes of sal from different parts of the country have shown that ash content in these qualities is singnificantly different. Mineral content increases in qualities I-III and then shows a decrease in IV quality. A good negative correlation between the foliar ash and soil Ca has been found in some sal forests of M.P. These results tend to show that sal is a non-exacting species, showing its best development probably on non-calcareous and acidic soils. Too high alkalinity in the soil is unfavourable for its growth. These studies have definitely shown the possibility of analysing soil profiles by the analysis of foliage of trees growing on these areas. The analysis of soils from different depths is long, tedious and expensive, whereas foliar analysis is relatively easy and very much less expensive. It is yet too early to say whether we have really reached a stage where we can completely dispense with the analysis of the soil. However, there is a great possibility that with some further work we may be able to gain all the knowledge of plant environment that is required from foliar analysis alone and not have to analyse soils. These studies further show that the trees of different quality classes of sal constitute distinct physiological units and their management under one and the same system may not lead to good results in forest regeneration. Further application of the foliar analysis technique in forestry will be discussed later.- The Himalayan Conifers
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Indian Forester, Vol 81, No 8 (1955), Pagination: 465-487Abstract
No abstract- The Himalayan Conifers
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Indian Forester, Vol 81, No 9 (1955), Pagination: 549-562Abstract
No abstract- The Himalayan Conifers
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Indian Forester, Vol 81, No 10 (1955), Pagination: 646-652Abstract
No abstract- The Himalayan Conifers
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Indian Forester, Vol 81, No 11 (1955), Pagination: 705-711Abstract
No abstract- The Himalayan Conifers - IV. The Study of Soil Profiles Under Some Forest Communities in the Bashahr Himalayas
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Indian Forester, Vol 82, No 6 (1956), Pagination: 295-307Abstract
A number of soil profiles under the main forest communities of the Bashahr Himalayas have been studied. The climax communities are : Quercus semecarpifolia Quercus incana, Quercus ilex. Besides these, mixed oak-conifer communities and pure conifer communities occurring in the areas occupied by the above climatic climaxes have also been studied. The distribution of different layers on horizons have been shown for each forest community. The amount of loss on ignition, moisture, soil relative humidity, pH and exchangeable Ca has been studied. The mean figures of the above constituents for each forest community were determined. These show very interesting differences in different forest communities. The relationship of various constituents of humus with one another was also studied. The paper marks a definite advance in our knowledge of the casual relationship of oak-conifer communities of the Himalayas with the environment.- The Himalayan Conifers V. The Succession of Forest Communities in Chir Pine (Pinus roxburghii) Forests of the Punjab and Himachal Pradesh
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Indian Forester, Vol 82, No 7 (1956), Pagination: 356-364Abstract
Forest communities in the chir pine forest of the Punjab and Himachal Pradesh have been studied in detail. The three forest types of Mohan have been re-classified into six for the purpose of giving a correlation between the vegetation and soil features and to indicate successional trends. Brief description of these types is given and the trend of succession in these forest communities is described in some detail. The succession proceeds as follows :- (1) On sand rock substratum- Chir pine → Chir pine - Terminalia chebula with an undergrowth mainly of Carissa spinarum. ( 2) On deep alluvium- Chir pine → Mixed chir pine - broad leaved species of Terminalia, Lannea, Albi ia, Cedrela, Eugenia, Phyllanthus, etc. ( 3) On Himalayan schistose rocks- Chir pine → Quercus incana - Rhododendron arboreum - Pieris ovalifolia. ( 4) On moist ferruginous clayey substratum- Chir pine with Carissa or/and Dodonaea → mixed Chir pine broad leaved species. On account of intense biotic features the successional trends outlined above may be slightly altered. In some places intermediate seral stages may become feature of vegetation, at others degraded types may assume different composition, or structure. Soil profiles from the six types have also been studied and the data presented in tabular form.- Succession of Ground Flora Species in the Forest Plantations of New Forest, Dehra Dun
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Indian Forester, Vol 83, No 9 (1957), Pagination: 551-554Abstract
No abstract- The Relict Vegetation of Sheo Bari, Sohan Valley in the Hoshiarpur Siwaliks
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Indian Forester, Vol 83, No 12 (1957), Pagination: 718-723Abstract
The relict vegetation of Sheo Bari was studied in the Sohan Valley in the Hoshiarpur Siwaliks. The average annual rainfall is 57.17" and the soil in the valley is a recent alluvium. While the vegetation in the valley is scrubby, consisting of early riverain species like Acacia catechu, Dalbergia sissoo the vegetation at Sheo Bari is mesophytic, having Putranjiva, Albi ia lebbek, Litsea chinensis, etc., in upper canopy and Strobilanthes and Ferns in the ground flora. The course of succession in the Sohan Valley has been indicated and it has been suggested that the mesophytic vegetation could exist in a stable equilibrium in the valley, provided the adverse human interference is excluded. The protection of forests may aim at getting a mesophytic vegetation.- A Contribution to the Ecology of Casuarina equisetifolia in India
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Indian Forester, Vol 84, No 2 (1958), Pagination: 74-90Abstract
In I950, some observations on the ecology of Casuarina plantations at Sriharikota Agaram, Kulithalai, and Tiruvellum were made along with Central Sriviculturist and the Forest Mycologist. The study involved the evaluation of climatic and soil features of Casuarina plantations and natural vegetation in the areas. The data tend to show that in the Kulithallai plantations, were the growth of Casuarina was the best, the soils were very fertile, with the highest amount of exchangeable Ca, high pH values, above 7.0, high organic matter and medium nitrogen. In the Ravannapachattaram plantations with poorest growth, the soils were less fertile with the lowest exchangeable Ca, lowest organic matter, low nitrogen content and medium pH (near neutral point). The water table in the former plantations was generally higher. The growth of the species seem to be influenced by soil fertility, especially the high exchanges ble Ca and moderate N content. Further evidence for tbese physiological requirements of this species was got by foliar analysis of Casuarina and 38 indigenous species that are cleared to rai.e plantations. The results of practical importance from this study are that on poorer soils Some broad leaved species should be introduced in plantations to improve the Ca status of the soil and provide mixed humus which is richer in nitrogen and has a higher water retaining capacity. On fertile soils of the Kulithalai plantations which show good growth, but plants die at places of unfavourable soil morphology as shown by Gupta or fungus as shown by Bakshi, the raising of broad-leaved species in unsuitable sites is one of the practical solutions of getting the best yield from the soil. From the management point of view it would probably be desirable to practise "Crop rotation" rather than "Crop mixture" as suggested by Dr. Kadambi.- Trees or Grasslands in Rajasthan
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Indian Forester, Vol 86, No 2 (1960), Pagination: 85-86Abstract
No abstract- Some Medicinal Ferns from Western India
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Indian Forester, Vol 87, No 3 (1961), Pagination: 179-183Abstract
The medicinal fern-flora of Western India is dealt with. Descriptive notes based on herbarium sheets have been given along with the medicinal uses of the plants. The article mainly intends to give information on the areas of distribution.- Succession of Plant Communities in the Rajasthan Aravallis
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Indian Forester, Vol 87, No 12 (1961), Pagination: 745-750Abstract
No abstract- Nitrogen Content of Leaves of Some Exotic and Indigenous Forest Tree Species Planted at New Forest
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Indian Forester, Vol 85, No 7 (1959), Pagination: 426-430Abstract
Nitrogen plays an important role in the metabolism of plants. The fertility status of the soil is, therefore, closely related with its Nitrogen content. Foliar Nitrogen is an indication of the suitability of species for different sites for plantation purposes. Species with a high content of foliar Nitrogen improve the Nitrogen content of the top layer of the soil and the development of abundant ground flora further enriches it. With a view to build up our knowledge of foliar Nitrogen contents of indigenous as well as exotic species, leaves of 108 species were tested. The results are tabulated. Nitrogen content of the Gymnosperms is the lowest. Pongamia pinnata and Alnus nepalensis are the richest in Nitrogen.- Survey of some Oil-Yielding Plants of Western India
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1 Western Circle, Poona, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 2, No 1-2 (1960), Pagination: 95-98Abstract
The paper describes the distribution of 19 oil-yielding plants namely-Balanites aegyptiaca Delile., Boswellia serraia Roxb., Calophyllum inophyllum Linn., Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn., Cymbopogon martini Wats., Cyperus rotundus Linn., Garcinia indica Choisy., Madhuca indica Gmel., Mesua ferrea Linn., Michelia champaca Linn., Mimusops elengi Linn., Mammea longifolia Planch. andTriana, Pongamiapinnata Pierre, Salmalia malabarica Schott.&Endl., Schleichera oleosa Oken., Semecarpus anacardium Linn. Terminalia belerica Roxb., Vateria indica Linn.,& Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf.The information is based on actual collections of the authors and plant specimens lodged in Poona herbarium.
- The Study of the Evergreen Vegetation of Mahabaleshwar Area
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Poona, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 2, No 1-2 (1960), Pagination: 109-137Abstract
Mahabaleshwar plateau lies in the Western Ghats, 76 miles from Poona on South West. The altitude of the plateau is 4300' to 4800'. The rainfall of Mahabaleshwar is from 250" to 300". The plateau is formed of Deccan Trap and on account of high rainfall conditions, lateritic soils are found in most of the places.The vegetation of Mahabaleshwar is an evergreen forest consisting of the following species:
Memecylon umbellatum Burm., Olea dioica Roxb., Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels., Temiinalia chebula Retz., Actinodaphne angustifolia Nees., Randia brandisii Gamble.
The shrub layer has the following important species:
Lasiosiphon eriocephalus Decne., Zizyphus rugosa Lam., Pavetta indica L. Allophyllus cobbe Blutne, Colebrookea oppositifolia Sm.
The herbaceous layer consists mainly Pteris quadriaurita Retz., Pteris aquilina L. Crotalaria retusa L. and Bryophyllum pinnatum Oken.
The trees are mainly 15-20 meters high, with their trunks and branches being covered over with mosses, orchids and epiphytic ferns.
Vegetation studies were made from the Lingmala fall, Arther's Seat road, Mahad road and Panchagani and the main part of the plateau.
Where the tree vegetation has been destroyed a scrub forest consisting of the following species occurs:
Pleris quadriaurita Retz., Pleris aquilina L. Crotalaria relusa L. Solarium giganteum Jacq., Pavella indica L. Ageratum conyzoides L. Asplenium falcatum Lam.
This vegetation is a biotic controlled serai community and the evergreen forest is the climax.
- Dry Deciduous Forests of the Poona District, Deccan, India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Western Circle, Poona, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 2, No 1-2 (1960), Pagination: 149-167Abstract
The deciduous vegetation grows in various ghats and hills in the Poona district. The present note describes the type from the Katraj ghats, on the south of Poona at a distance of 6 miles.The area consists of flat plateau at the top, eastern and western slopes and narrow valleys through which small rivulets flow during monsoons. The mountains are formed of trap rock, the strata of which dip towards east. Thus the eastern slopes are gentle with better developed soil but the western escarpments are steep comparatively dry with shallow soil. Seepage water is seen on eastern slope during monsoon. Alluvial soil deposits in the valley. The average rainfall is about 27".
The following vegetation types are described:
(I) Top of the plateau: They are mainly covered with Boswellia serrata which is regenerating profusely where biotic interference is excluded and the soil is dry shallow and gravelly.
(II) The western slopes: These slopes bear a low type of forest. The following trees are common-Boswellia serrata, Lannea coromandelica, Diospyros montana and Largerstroemia parviflora. Shrubs-Acacia sp., Lantana camara, Zizyphus xylopyrus, Rhus mysorensis, Flacourtia, Cipadessa baccifera, Gymnosporia spinosa and Securinega sp.
Herbs-Tridax procumbens, Leucas sp., Cocculus sp., Polyzygus tuberosus, Sida sp., Arisaema sp., Desmodium sp., Acanthospermum hispidum, Celosia sp. etc.
This vegetation is also affected adversely by the biotic interference since lopping, coppicing and grazing are prevalent.
(III) Eastern slope (top portion) ; It bears a community of Boswellia serrata-Diospyros montana-Lannea coromandelica on dry shallow and rocky soil. The commonest shrubs are Acacia sp., Zizyphus xylopyrus, Lantana camara, Cryptolepis buchanani, Woodfordia fruticosa, Cissuspallida and Securinega sp.
The common herbaceous vegetation consists ot Locculus sp., Leucas sp., Tridax procumbens, Curculigo sp., Polyzygus tuberosus, etc.
(IV) Eastern slope (lower portion): It bears a community of Tectona grandis-Lannea coromandelica-Diospyros-Boswellia serrata.
Teak and Lannea coromandelica are predominant on the alluvial deposits towards the valley and higher up. Diospyros sp. and Boswellia become prominent in dry trap soil. Diospyros on alluvial soils is heavily infected by Viscum. But incidence of the parasite decreases in trees which are growing on dry trap rocks elsewhere in the area. Commonest shrubs in the community are Acacia sp., Clerodendron serratum, Zizyphus xylopyrus, Cissus pallida and Lantana camara. Commonest herbs are Leucas sp., Tridax procumbens, Hemidesmus indicus, Curcuma montana, Cocculus sp., Polyzygus tuberosus, Trichodesma sp., Crotalaria sp., Indigofera sp., Celosia sp., Aerva javanica, etc.
Various stages of succession are seen in the area and regeneration of teak, Boswellta, Lagerstroemia. Lannea is common on different types of soils.
- A Note on Capparis Moonii Wight
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Western Circle, Poona, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 2, No 1-2 (1960), Pagination: 170-171Abstract
No Abstract.- The Dry Deciduous Scrub Vegetation of Poona District
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Western Circle, Poona, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 2, No 3-4 (1960), Pagination: 329-334Abstract
The scrub vegetation is not a natural type in Poona district. It is biotic community. The vegetation somewhat resembles a savannah. Bawdhan hills about 7 km. west and Walhe 60 km. south-east of Poona are described. Percentage occurrence of different species of trees, shrubs, climbers, herbs and grasses are given. The vegetation on different slopes of the hill has been compared. The herbaceous flora is seasonal, appearing mainly in the monsoons.- Western Circle of the Botanical Survey of India
Authors
1 Western Circle, Poona, IN